Crucified Christ with Donors
Artist: Ugolino di Nerio
1327
Painting
For unknown reasons, the present panel was cut down at the lower half as both Mary and Saint John were originally full-length, standing on either side of the cross. A painting now in a private collection in Florence reproduces this panel on a smaller scale and thus provides us with an idea of its original appearance. These two crucifixions reveal slight differences in their iconography, such as the lack of angels in the panel in the Florentine collection, the different construction of the haloes and the arrangement of one of the Virgin’s hands, as well as other elements relating to technique.
Crucified Christ with the Virgin and Saint John
Artist: Ambrogio Bergognone
1485
Painting
An artist in the circle of Bergognone has painted a skull at the foot of Christ's cross, referring to 'The Place of the Skull' (another term for Calvary and Golgotha) where Christ was said to have been brought in all four gospels of the Bible. Although art historians have interpreted the skull as a symbol of 'memento mori' (meaning 'remember you will die'), others have attributed the skull to Adam, who according to tradition was also buried close to Calvary. Occasionally, a skeleton is shown at the foot of Christ's cross, for example, seen in Massaccio's famous Holy Trinity (1425).
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