Kings of Israel and Judah

John Hyrcanus II
Hasmonean Kingdom
John Hyrcanus II was the high priest of Judaea from 76 to 40 BC, and, with his brother Aristobulus II, last of the Hasmonean (Maccabean) dynastic rulers.

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Aristobulus II
Hasmonean Kingdom
Aristobulus II was the youngest son of Alexander Jannæus, whose political and religious predilections he inherited. His elder brother, Hyrcanus II, seems to have leaned to the side of his mother.

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Antigonus
Hebrew Name: Mattathias Antigonus
Hasmonean Kingdom
Antigonus was the younger son of Aristobulus II and the last Hasmonean to claim control over Judea.

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The Jewish kings ruled over vastly different kingdoms in different periods of history. Starting in the early iron age with Saul, several kings ruled over an expanding, "United Kingdom." After the death of Solomon a fissure developed, with ten tribes separating into the Northern Kingdom of "Israel..."

( see table )

and the tribes of Benjamin and Judah continuing the Davidic line in the Southern Kingdom of "Judah."

( see table )

After the north was conquered by Assyria and the south by Babylon, a Jewish kingdom did not reappear until the second century BC with the establishment of the Hasmonean dynasty. The Hasmoneans were then followed in the first century BC by the Herodian rulers, this final group being clients of Rome, (and actually Idumean).