Kings of Israel and Judah

Hoshea
Israel (Northern Kingdom)
Prophets: Hosea
Puppet king who collected tribute for Assyria until Tiglat-pileser died. Then he tried to rebel, expecting support from Egypt. This brought Shalmaneser V of Assyria down to capture Samaria and deport its population, ending the kingdom of Israel.

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Simon Thassi
Hasmonean Kingdom
As he was dying, Mattathias praised his son Simon as a man of counsel, and exhorted his four brothers to heed his advice. Simon justified his father's high opinion of him, and proved himself uniformly sagacious and circumspect.
Even during the lifetime of his brothers Judah and Jonathan, Simon took a prominent part in the war of liberation against the Syrians. He supported the Jews in Galilee and avenged, in conjunction with Jonathan, the death of his brother John.

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John Hyrcanus
Hasmonean Kingdom
He was a high priest and ruler of the Jewish nation for 3 decades. Under his reign, the Hasmonean kingdom of Judaea in ancient Palestine attained power and great prosperity, and the Pharisees and Sadducees became well-defined religious parties.

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The Jewish kings ruled over vastly different kingdoms in different periods of history. Starting in the early iron age with Saul, several kings ruled over an expanding, "United Kingdom." After the death of Solomon a fissure developed, with ten tribes separating into the Northern Kingdom of "Israel..."

( see table )

and the tribes of Benjamin and Judah continuing the Davidic line in the Southern Kingdom of "Judah."

( see table )

After the north was conquered by Assyria and the south by Babylon, a Jewish kingdom did not reappear until the second century BC with the establishment of the Hasmonean dynasty. The Hasmoneans were then followed in the first century BC by the Herodian rulers, this final group being clients of Rome, (and actually Idumean).