Church Architecture
St. Basil's Cathedral
Artist: Anonymous
1555
Architecture
The Cathedral of Vasily the Blessed, known in English as Saint Basil's Cathedral, is an Orthodox church in Red Square of Moscow, and is one of the most popular cultural symbols of Russia. The building, now a museum. It was built from 1555 to 1561 on orders from Ivan the Terrible.
The original building contained eight chapels arranged around a ninth, central chapel dedicated to the Intercession; a tenth chapel was erected in 1588 over the grave of the venerated local saint Vasily (Basil). The cathedral has nine domes (each one corresponding to a different church) and is shaped like the flame of a bonfire rising into the sky.[7] Dmitry Shvidkovsky, in his book Russian Architecture and the West, states that "it is like no other Russian building. Nothing similar can be found in the entire millennium of Byzantine tradition from the fifth to the fifteenth century.
As part of the program of state atheism, the church was confiscated from the Russian Orthodox community as part of the Soviet Union's antireligious campaigns and has operated as a division of the State Historical Museum since 1928. It was completely secularized in 1929, and remains a federal property of the Russian Federation.
St. Charles Cathedral
Artist: Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, Joseph Emanuel Fischer von Erlach
1716 - 1739
Architecture
The Rektoratskirche St. Karl Borromäus, commonly called the Karlskirche (German for 'St. Charles Church'), is a Baroque church located on the south side of Karlsplatz in Vienna, Austria. Widely considered the most outstanding baroque church in Vienna, as well as one of the city's greatest buildings, the church is dedicated to Saint Charles Borromeo, one of the great counter-reformers of the sixteenth century.
The Karlskirche (Church of St. Charles) is the last great work of the eminent Baroque architect Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach. Completed in 1739, it was built by virtue of a vow made by Emperor Charles VI during a plague. The church is dedicated to the Habsburg emperor's namesake, St. Karl Borromäus. His life and works are depicted on the two giant columns (47 meters tall) next to the entrance portal. The lavish dome frescoes by Johannes Michael Rottmayr cover 1,250 meters squared of magnificent color.
St. Charles Cathedral appropriately honors the patron saint Charles Borromeo, who is known for feeding and ministering to those who suffered from Europe's 16th-century plagues.
St. David's Cathedral
Artist: Medieval masons John Nash (18th century) George Gilbert Scott (19th century)
1181 - mid 13th century
Architecture
St Davids Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral situated in St Davids, Britain's smallest city, in the county of Pembrokeshire, near the most westerly point of Wales. The monastic community was founded by Saint David, Abbot of Menevia, who died in 589. Over the ensuring years the area was raided and pillaged by Vikings who destroyed all the buildings.. In 1115, with the area under Norman control, King Henry I of England began construction of a new cathedral. In 1123, St Davids, was a center of pilgrimage for the Western world; the Pope decreed that "Two pilgrimages to St Davids is equal to one to Rome, and three pilgrimages to one to Jerusalem". The new cathedral was quickly constructed. Henry II of England's visit in 1171 saw the following of David increase and the need for a larger cathedral. The present cathedral was begun in 1181 and completed not long after.
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