Explore the kingdoms, city-states, and peoples whose histories intersected with Israel and the Bible.
Bashan (Kingdom of Og)
kingdom
Bashan was the northern Transjordanian territory ruled, according to the Bible, by King Og, whose defeat preceded the Israelite settlement east of the Jordan.
Heshbon (Kingdom of Sihon)
kingdom
The Bible describes Sihon as an Amorite king ruling from Heshbon east of the Jordan. His refusal to allow Israel to pass through his land led to a battle at Jahaz and the loss of his kingdom.
Hazor (Canaanite Kingdom)
city state kingdom
A powerful Canaanite city-state remembered in Joshua and Judges and independently attested in ancient diplomatic texts.
Jebusite Jerusalem
city state kingdom
Jerusalem was a Canaanite hill-country city before David made it the capital of his kingdom. The Bible identifies its pre-Davidic inhabitants as Jebusites.
Iturea
regional territory
A people and changing principality north of Galilee, connected with the Hasmoneans, Herodian rulers, and the political setting described in Luke 3:1.
Chalcis (Chalcis sub Libanum)
client kingdom
A small but politically significant kingdom in the Lebanon region, connected with the Iturean rulers and later the Herodian family. Its rulers had important ties to Jerusalem during the first century AD.
Biblical Kingdoms and Territories
The biblical world included many neighboring kingdoms and peoples whose stories intersected with Israel and Judah.
These records explain their geography, rulers, history, and appearances in Scripture.
Historical dates and political boundaries are sometimes uncertain; the individual entries explain those limitations.