Kedar
tribal confederation
Kedar was an influential North Arabian tribal confederation known for its flocks, caravan trade, and encounters with Assyria and Babylon. Its people also appear in biblical prophecy and poetry.
Biblical Kingdoms and Territories
Explore the kingdoms, city-states, and peoples whose histories intersected with Israel and the Bible.
Nabataea
kingdom
A prosperous Arabian kingdom centered on Petra, important for caravan trade, relations with Judea and Herod, and the New Testament setting of Paul.
Idumea
regional territory
A region south of Judea whose population preserved connections with ancient Edom and later became closely involved in Hasmonean and Herodian history.
Adiabene
client kingdom
A northern Mesopotamian client kingdom of Parthia whose first-century royal family embraced Judaism and became benefactors of Jerusalem.
Amalek
tribal confederation
A people remembered in the Bible for repeated conflict with Israel from the wilderness journey through the early monarchy.
Midian
tribal confederation
A group of peoples and territories associated with Moses, Jethro, and Gideon, whose precise political organization and boundaries remain uncertain.
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