Important Historical Figures

Herod Agrippa II

Last Herodian client king; ruler of territories north and east of Judea

Roman Period • King from c. AD 50; died c. AD 93–100

Herod Agrippa II was the last major ruler of the Herodian dynasty. He governed territories north and east of Judea, exercised influence over the Jerusalem high priesthood, and heard Paul’s…

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Herod Antipas

Tetrarch of Galilee and Perea

Roman Period • Tetrarch, 4 BC–AD 39

Herod Antipas governed Galilee and Perea during the ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus. He founded Tiberias, ordered John’s execution, and questioned Jesus when Pilate sent Jesus to h…

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Herod Archelaus

Ethnarch of Judea, Samaria, and Idumea

Roman Period • Ethnarch, 4 BC–AD 6

Herod Archelaus inherited authority over Judea, Samaria, and Idumea after the death of Herod the Great. His troubled rule ended when Rome removed him in AD 6. Matthew says Joseph avoided se…

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Herod of Chalcis

Herodian client king of Chalcis

Roman Period • King of Chalcis, c. AD 41–48

Herod of Chalcis was a member of the Herodian family who gained authority over the Jerusalem Temple and appointments to the high priesthood.

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Herod the Great

Roman client king of Judea

Roman Period • King of Judea, 37–4 BC

Herod the Great ruled Judea as a Roman-supported king from 37 to 4 BC. He greatly expanded the Jerusalem Temple and undertook ambitious building projects, but his reign was also marked by p…

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Izates II of Adiabene

King of Adiabene and royal convert to Judaism

Roman Period • Reigned approximately AD 34–55

Izates II ruled Adiabene and adopted Judaism, illustrating the influence of Jewish faith beyond Roman Judea.

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