The Dead Sea Scrolls, (a.k.a. Qumran Caves Scrolls), are ancient Jewish manuscripts from the Second Temple period. They were discovered between 1946 and 1956, at the Qumran Caves on the north-western shore of the Dead Sea. Dating from the 3rd century BC to the 1st century AD, they include the oldest surviving manuscripts of entire books later included in the biblical canons. They also cast light on the emergence of Christianity and of Rabbinic Judaism. Almost all of the scrolls and scroll fragments are housed in the Shrine of the Book at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem.
This table provides informational links on the documents found in Cave 3.
Fragment or scroll identifier | Fragment or scroll name | Alternative identifier | English Bible Association | Language | Date/script | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3QEzek | Ezekiel | 3Q1 | Ezekiel 16:31–33 | Hebrew | Herodian | [114][119] | |
3QPs | Psalms | 3Q2 | Psalm 2:6–7 | Hebrew | [120][121] | ||
3QLam | Lamentations | 3Q3 | Lamentations 1:10–12; 3:53–62 | Hebrew | [120][122] | ||
3QpIsa | Pesher on Isaiah | 3Q4 | Isaiah 1:1 | Hebrew | Herodian | [120][123] | |
3QJub | Jubilees | 3Q5 | Hebrew | Herodian | Jubilees 23:6–7, 12–13, 23 | [120][124] | |
3QHymn | Unidentified Hymn | 3Q6 | Hebrew | Herodian | Hymn of Praise | [120][125] | |
3QTJud(?) | Testament of Judah(?) | 3Q7 | Hebrew | Herodian | cf. 4Q484, 4Q538 | [120][126] | |
3Q Text Mentioning Angel of Peace | 3Q8 | Hebrew | Herodian | Text about an Angel of Peace | [120][127] | ||
3QSectarian text | 3Q9 | Hebrew | Herodian | Possible unidentified Sectarian text | [120][128] | ||
3QUnc | Unidentified | 3Q10
3Q11 |
Hebrew | Hellenistic-Roman | Unclassified fragments | [120] | |
3QUncA-B | Unclassified fragments | 3Q12
3Q13 |
Aramaic | Hellenistic-Roman | Unclassified fragments | [129] | |
3QUncC | Unidentified | 3Q14 | Hebrew? | Hellenistic-Roman | 21 unclassified fragments | [130][131] | |
3QCopScr | The Copper Scroll | 3Q15 | Hebrew | Roman | Copper plaque mentioning buried treasures | [130][132] |