Peter draws a weapon, strikes the high priest's servant, and cuts off his right ear. John uniquely names the servant as Malchus. Jesus commands Peter to put the sword into its sheath.
Jesus in Context
Peter's Sword and the Servant Malchus
Peter's attack on the high priest's servant shows armed resistance beginning at the arrest, but Jesus immediately stops it and orders the sword put away.
Introduction
Historical and Cultural Context
The Greek machaira can refer to a sword, short sword, or large fighting knife, so the text does not require a later medieval-style weapon. Striking a member of the high priestly household during an official arrest was a serious act of violence and could have endangered Peter and the other disciples. Naming Malchus makes the victim unusually specific, while John does not explain why Peter avoids immediate arrest.
Why It Matters
The legal and social setting underscores Jesus' rejection of armed rescue. Peter's action could easily escalate the arrest into a violent confrontation.
Jesus instead stops the resistance and accepts the course before him, consistent with his later statement to Pilate that his servants are not fighting to prevent his arrest.