Bible Figure
Sanballat the Horonite
Samarian official (5th century BCE)
Sanballat the Horonite was a leading opponent of Nehemiah who mocked, threatened, and schemed against the rebuilding of Jerusalem's walls.
Biography
When Nehemiah arrived to rebuild Jerusalem, Sanballat, often joined by Tobiah and Geshem, was deeply displeased. He mocked the Jews' efforts, plotted armed disruption, and later repeatedly tried to lure Nehemiah away for harm. Sanballat also participated in accusations that Nehemiah intended rebellion. Nehemiah 13 mentions a son-in-law of Sanballat connected with the high-priestly family whom Nehemiah expelled.
Biblical Significance
Sanballat personifies organized political opposition to Jerusalem's restoration. Nehemiah's response combines prayer, vigilance, practical defense, and refusal to be distracted from the work.