Matthias was the disciple chosen to replace Judas Iscariot among the Twelve after Jesus' ascension. He had accompanied the disciples throughout Jesus' public ministry and was selected after prayer and the casting of lots.
Biography
Acts 1 records Peter addressing about 120 believers concerning the vacancy created by Judas Iscariot's betrayal and death. Peter stated that the replacement needed to be someone who had accompanied the group throughout the period beginning with John's baptism and continuing to Jesus' ascension, so that he could join the apostles as a witness to the resurrection. The believers proposed Joseph Barsabbas, surnamed Justus, and Matthias. They prayed to the Lord, who knows all hearts, asking Him to reveal which man He had chosen. They then cast lots, and the lot fell to Matthias, who was numbered with the eleven apostles. The New Testament does not narrate Matthias' later ministry, travels, or death, despite extensive later traditions.
Biblical Significance
Matthias' selection restored the symbolic number of the Twelve before Pentecost and emphasized that apostolic witness was grounded in sustained knowledge of Jesus' ministry and resurrection. The prayer preceding his selection also stresses divine choice rather than mere human appointment.