Bible Dictionary
Targum
A Targum is an Aramaic translation or explanatory paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures, prepared for Jewish hearers who no longer fully understood Hebrew. Targums were used especially in synagogue reading and instruction.
Biblical Usage
Targums supported the public reading and understanding of the Hebrew Scriptures. The Law was read verse by verse and followed by an Aramaic interpretation; portions of the Prophets were handled similarly. They therefore helped communicate Scripture in synagogue instruction.