Bible Dictionary
EUPATOR
The title given to Antiochus V, who became king of Syria as a child after Antiochus IV. He was under the guardianship of Lysias and fought against Judas Maccabeus.
Definition
Eupator was the title given to Antiochus V, son and successor of Antiochus IV. He became king of Syria while still a child and was placed under the guardianship of Lysias.
Biblical Usage
In the Maccabean history, Eupator marched with Lysias against Jerusalem to relieve a Syrian garrison pressed by Judas Maccabeus. His forces defeated Judas at Bethzacharias and captured Bethsura before making peace.
Historical Background
Antiochus V succeeded in 164 BC. Lysias placed him on the throne and governed for him. In 162 BC Antiochus and Lysias were put to death by Demetrius Soter.
Related Figures
Historical Bible Dictionaries
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (ISBE)
<p>u'-pa-tor (Eupator, "of noble father"):</p><p>The name given to Antiochus V who had succeeded his father Antiochus IV (Epiphanes), 164 BC, while still a child under the guardianship of Lysias (/APC 1Macc 3:32; 6:17). In the absence of Philip, a friend and foster-brother of the child's father, whom on his deathbed he had appointed guardian for his son, Lysias continued his duty as guardian, set the king upon the throne and named him Eupator. Shortly after his accession he collected a large army and marched against Jerusalem, accompanied by Lysias, for the relief of a Syrian garrison that was hard pressed by Judas Maccabeus ( /APC 1Macc 6:19 ff). Judas was repulsed at Bethzacharias and after a severe struggle Bethsura was captured ( /APC 1Macc 6:31-50). The Jewish force in the temple was hard pressed and indeed reduced to the last extremity ( /APC 1Macc 6:53), when Lysias, hearing that his rival Philip had returned from Persia and had made himself master of Antioch (Josephus, Ant, XII, ix, 5 f), made a hasty peace and returned to meet Philip, whom he easily overpowered. In the following year (162 BC) Antiochus and Lysias were put to death by Demetrius Soter, son of Seleucus, in requital of wrongs inflicted upon himself by Antiochus Epiphanes (/APC 1Macc 7:2-4; 2Macc 14:1,2; Josephus, Ant, XII, x, 1).</p><p>J. Hutchinson</p>